Invasive Coronary Angiogram
An Invasive Coronary Angiogram is a specialised X-ray procedure used to visualise the blood vessels of your heart (coronary arteries). It’s considered the “gold standard” for diagnosing coronary artery disease. During the procedure, a thin, flexible tube called a catheter is inserted into an artery (usually in your wrist or groin) and guided to your heart. A special dye (contrast medium) is then injected, making your arteries visible on X-ray images, allowing the cardiologist to identify any narrowings or blockages.
What We Measure
Coronary artery blockages
Identifying the location, extent, and severity of any narrowings or blockages.
Blood flow
Assessing how well blood is flowing through your coronary arteries.
Heart chamber and valve function
Can also provide information on these aspects if required..
Pressure within the heart chambers
Can be measured if necessary.
How It Works
1.
The procedure is performed in a hospital catheterisation laboratory ("cath lab") by a cardiologist with specialised training.
2.
You'll receive a local anaesthetic at the insertion site, and you may also receive a mild sedative to help you relax. A small incision is made, and the catheter is inserted and carefully threaded to your coronary arteries.
3.
The dye is injected, and X-ray images (angiograms) are taken. The procedure typically takes 30-60 minutes, but you'll be in the hospital for several hours for preparation and recovery.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do I need to prepare?
Yes, you will receive specific instructions, which typically include fasting for several hours and discussing your medications with your cardiologist. You’ll also need someone to drive you home.
Is it painful?
You’ll feel a prick from the local anaesthetic, but the procedure itself should not be painful. You might feel a warm flush when the dye is injected.
What are the risks?
As an invasive procedure, there are risks, though serious complications are rare. These include bleeding or bruising at the insertion site, allergic reaction to the dye, or more rarely, stroke, heart attack, or kidney problems. Your cardiologist will discuss all risks with you.
What happens after the procedure?
You’ll need to lie flat for a few hours to prevent bleeding at the insertion site. You’ll be monitored in the hospital before being discharged. Your cardiologist will discuss the findings and next steps with you.