Coronary Artery Disease
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a common and serious condition where the major blood vessels that supply the heart muscle (coronary arteries) become narrowed or blocked. This is usually due to a build-up of fatty deposits called plaque (atherosclerosis). When these arteries narrow, they deliver less oxygen-rich blood to your heart, especially during exertion, leading to symptoms like chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, or even a heart attack.
Treatment Options
Lifestyle changes
Quitting smoking, regular exercise, a heart-healthy diet, managing stress, and maintaining a healthy weight.
Medication
Medications to lower cholesterol (statins), control blood pressure, manage diabetes, prevent blood clots (aspirin, antiplatelets), and reduce chest pain (nitrates, beta-blockers).
Coronary revascularisation: Angioplasty and stenting
A procedure to open narrowed arteries and insert a small mesh tube (stent) to keep them open.
Coronary revascularisation: Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery
A surgical procedure to create new pathways for blood to flow around blocked arteries.
Frequently Asked Questions
What causes Coronary Artery Disease?
Risk factors include high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, obesity, family history, and age.
Can Coronary Artery Disease be cured?
Coronary Artery Disease is a chronic condition, but its progression can be slowed, and symptoms managed effectively with treatment.
What are the warning signs of a heart attack?
Chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, pain radiating to the arm, neck, jaw, or back, light-headedness, or cold sweats. Seek urgent medical attention if you experience these symptoms.
Do I need surgery for Coronary Artery Disease?
Not everyone with Coronary Artery Disease requires surgery. The decision depends on the severity of blockages, your symptoms, and other individual factors.